; << ZAPPLE 2-K MASKED ROM MONITOR SYSTEM >> ; by ; ; COMPUTER DESIGN LABS ; 342 COLUMBUS AVE. ; TRENTON, NEW JERSEY 08629 ; ; ; COPYRIGHT 1979 COMPUTER DESIGN LABS; ; .PABS ;THIS MONITOR IN ABSOLUTE FORMAT ; ; BASE = 0F000H USER = BASE+800H ; .TITLE " " .SBTTL / Copyright 1979 by COMPUTER DESIGN LABS/ ; RST7 = 38H ;RST 7 (LOCATION FOR TRAP) IOBYT = 76H ;R/W PORT FOR TEMP. STORAGE SENSE = 7AH ;SWITCH WORD FOR INITIAL DEFAULT SWITCH = 0FFH ;TEST PORT TO ABORT READ OPERATION RCP = 7AH ;READER CONTROL PORT (OUT) NN = 0F8H ;"I" REGISTER INITIAL VALUE ; ; ; ;-TELEPRINTER ; TTI = 71H ;DATA IN PORT TTO = 71H ;DATA OUT PORT TTS = 70H ;STATUS PORT (IN) TTYDA = 1 ;DATA AVAILABLE MASK BIT TTYBE = 02 ;XMTR BUFFER EMPTY MASK ; ;-C.R.T. SYSTEM ; CRTI = 73H ;DATA PORT (IN) CRTS = 72H ;STATUS PORT (IN) CRTO = 73H ;DATA PORT (OUT) CRTDA = 1 ;DATA AVAILABLE MASK CRTBE = 02 ;XMTR BUFFER EMPTY MASK ; ;-CASSETTE SYSTEM ; RCSD = 75H ;DATA IN PORT RCSS = 74H ;STATUS PORT (IN) RCSDA = 1 ;DATA AVAILABLE MASK PCASO = 75H ;DATA PORT (OUT) PCASS = 74H ;CONTROL PORT (OUT) PCSBE = 02 ;XMTR BUFFER EMPTY MASK ; ; ; FALSE = 0 ;ISN'T SO TRUE = # FALSE ;IT IS SO CR = 0DH ;ASCII CARRIAGE RETURN LF = 0AH ;ASCII LINE FEED BELL = 7 ;DING RUB = 0FFH ;RUB OUT FIL = 00 ;FILL CHARACTERS AFTER CRLF MAX = 7 ;NUMBER OF QUES IN EOF ; ; ; CMSK = 11111100B ;CONSOLE DEVICE RMSK = 11110011B ;STORAGE DEVICE (IN) PMSK = 11001111B ;STORAGE DEVICE (OUT) LMSK = 00111111B ;LIST DEVICE ; ; ;-CONSOLE CONFIGURATION CTTY = 0 ;TELEPRINTER CCRT = 1 ;C.R.T. BATCH = 2 ;READER FOR INPUT, LIST FOR OUTPUT CUSE = 3 ;USER DEFINED ; ;-STORAGE INPUT CONFIGURATION RTTY = 0 ;TELEPRINTER READER RPTR = 4 ;HIGH-SPEED RDR (EXTERNAL ROUTINE) RCAS = 8 ;CASSETTE RUSER = 0CH ;USER DEFINED ; ;-STORAGE OUTPUT CONFIGURATION PTTY = 0 ;TELEPRINTER PUNCH PPTP = 10H ;HIGH-SPEED PUNCH (EXTERNAL ROUTINE) PCAS = 20H ;CASSETTE PUSER = 30H ;USER DEFINED ; ;-LIST DEVICE CONFIGURATION LTTY = 0 ;TELEPRINTER PRINTER LCRT = 40H ;C.R.T. SCREEN LINE = 80H ;LINE PRINTER (EXTERNAL ROUTINE) LUSER = 0C0H ;USER DEFINED ; ; ; VECTORS FOR USER DEFINED ROUTINES ; .LOC USER CILOC: .BLKB 3 ;CONSOLE INPUT COLOC: .BLKB 3 ;CONSOLE OUTPUT RPTPL: .BLKB 3 ;HIGH-SPEED READER RULOC: .BLKB 3 ;USER DEFINED STORAGE (INPUT) PTPL: .BLKB 3 ;HIGH-SPEED PUNCH PULOC: .BLKB 3 ;USER DEFINED STORAGE (OUTPUT) LNLOC: .BLKB 3 ;LINE PRINTER LULOC: .BLKB 3 ;USER DEFINED PRINTER CSLOC: .BLKB 3 ;CONSOLE INPUT STATUS ROUTINE J =. ; ; PROGRAM CODE BEGINS HERE ; .LOC BASE JMP BEGIN ;GO AROUND VECTORS ; ; ; ; THESE VECTORS MAY BE USED BY USER WRITTEN ; PROGRAMS TO SIMPLIFY THE HANDLING OF I/O ; FROM SYSTEM TO SYSTEM. WHATEVER THE CURRENT ; ASSIGNED DEVICE, THESE VECTORS WILL PERFORM ; THE REQUIRED I/O OPERATION, AND RETURN TO ; THE CALLING PROGRAM. (RET) ; ; THE REGISTER CONVENTION USED FOLLOWS- ; ; ANY INPUT OR OUTPUT DEVICE- ; CHARACTER TO BE OUTPUT IN 'C' REGISTER. ; CHARACTER WILL BE IN 'A' REGISTER UPON ; RETURNING FROM AN INPUT OR OUTPUT. ; 'CSTS'- ; RETURNS TRUE (0FFH IN 'A' REG.) IF THERE IS ; SOMETHING WAITING, AND ZERO (00) IF NOT. ; 'IOCHK'- ; RETURNS WITH THE CURRENT I/O CONFIGURATION ; BYTE IN 'A' REGISTER. ; 'IOSET'- ; ALLOWS A PROGRAM TO DYNAMICALLY ALTER THE ; CURRENT I/O CONFIGURATION, AND REQUIRES ; THE NEW BYTE IN 'C' REGISTER. ; 'MEMCK'- ; RETURNS WITH THE HIGHEST ALLOWED USER ; MEMORY LOCATION. 'B'=HIGH BYTE, 'A'=LOW. ; 'TRAP'- ; THIS IS THE 'BREAKPOINT' ENTRY POINT, ; BUT MAY BE 'CALLED'. IT WILL SAVE ; THE MACHINE STATE. RETURN CAN BE MADE WITH ; A SIMPLE 'G[CR]' ON THE CONSOLE. ; JMP CI ;CONSOLE INPUT JMP RI ;READER INPUT JMP CO ;CONSOLE OUTPUT JMP PO ;PUNCH OUTPUT JMP LO ;LIST OUTPUT JMP CSTS ;CONSOLE STATUS IN IOBYT ;I/O CHECK RET JMP IOSET ;I/O SET JMP MEMCK ;MEMORY LIMIT CHECK TRAP: JMP RESTART ;BREAKPOINT ; ; ANNOUNCEMENT OF MONITOR NAME & VERSION ; MSG: .BYTE CR,LF,FIL,FIL,FIL .ASCII 'Zapple V' .ASCII '1.0R' MSGL = .-MSG ; ; LET US BEGIN ; BEGIN: MVI A,053H ;INITIALIZE THE HARDWARE OUT TTS OUT CRTS OUT RCSS MVI A,051H OUT TTS OUT CRTS DCR A OUT RCSS XRA A OUT IOBYT+1 OUT RCP ;CLEAR RDR CONTROL PORT DCR A OUT IOBYT MVI A,4 OUT IOBYT+1 ;WHEW! ; IN SENSE ;INITIALIZE I/O CONFIGURATION OUT IOBYT MVI A,NN ;INITIAL 'I' REG. CONFIGURATION STAI ;SET FOR PAGE 'NN' ON INTERUPT LXI SP,AHEAD-4 ;SET UP A FAKE STACK JMP MEMSIZ+1 ;GET MEMORY SIZE .WORD AHEAD AHEAD: SPHL ;SET TRUE STACK XCHG LXI B,ENDX-EXIT LXI H,EXIT LDIR ;MOVE TO RAM XCHG LXI B,-5FH ;SET UP A USER'S STACK VALUE DAD B PUSH H ;PRE-LOAD STACK VALUE LXI H,0 ;INITIALIZE OTHER REGISTERS MVI B,10 ; (20 OF THEM) STKIT: PUSH H ; TO ZERO DJNZ STKIT HELLO: MVI B,MSGL ;SAY HELLO TO THE FOLKS CALL TOM1 ;OUTPUT SIGN-ON MSG START: LXI D,START ;MAIN 'WORK' LOOP PUSH D ;SET UP A RETURN TO HERE CALL CRLF MVI C,'>' CALL CO STAR0: CALL TI ;GET A CONSOLE CHARACTER ANI 7FH ;IGNORE NULLS JRZ STAR0 ;GET ANOTHER SUI 'A' ;QUALIFY THE CHARACTER RM ; ; TBL: .WORD ASSIGN ;A - ASSIGN I/O .WORD BYE ;B - SYSTEM SHUT-DOWN .WORD COMP ;C - COMPARE MEMORY VS. READER INPUT .WORD DISP ;D - DISPLAY MEMORY ON CONS. IN HEX .WORD EOF ;E - END OF FILE TAG FOR HEX DUMPS .WORD FILL ;F - FILL MEMORY WITH A CONSTANT .WORD GOTO ;G - GOTO [ADDR]<,>BREAKPOINTS (2) .WORD HEXN ;H - HEX MATH. , .WORD J ;I * USER DEFINED J=J+3 ;INCREMENT VECTOR ADDR .WORD TEST ;J - NON-DESTRUCTIVE MEMORY TEST .WORD J ;K * USER DEFINED J=J+3 ;INCREMENT VECTOR ADDR .WORD LOAD ;L - LOAD A BINARY FORMAT FILE .WORD MOVE ;M - MOVE BLOCKS OF MEMORY .WORD NULL ;N - PUNCH NULLS ON PUNCH DEVICE .WORD J ;O * USER DEFINED .WORD PUTA ;P - 'PUT' ASCII INTO MEMORY. .WORD QUERY ;Q - QI(N)=DISP. N; QO(N,V)=OUT N,V .WORD READ ;R - READ A HEX FILE (W/CHECKSUMS) .WORD SUBS ;S - SUBSTITUTE &/OR EXAMINE MEMORY .WORD TYPE ;T - TYPE MEMORY IN ASCII .WORD UNLD ;U - MEMORY TO PUNCH (BINARY FORMAT) .WORD VERIFY ;V - COMPARE MEMORY AGAINST MEMORY .WORD WRITE ;W - MEMORY TO PUNCH (HEX FORMAT) .WORD XAM ;X - EXAMINE & MODIFY CPU REGISTERS .WORD WHERE ;Y - FIND SEQUENCE OF BYTES IN MEM. .WORD SIZE ;Z - ADDRESS OF LAST R/W LOCATION ; ; ; ; THIS ROUTINE CONTROLS THE CONFIGURATION ; OF THE VARIOUS I/O DRIVERS & DEVICES. THIS IS ; ACCOMPLISHED VIA A HARDWARE READ/WRITE PORT. ; THIS PORT IS INITIALIZED UPON SIGN-ON ; BY THE VALUE READ ON PORT 'SENSE'. IT MAY BE ; DYNAMICALLY MODIFIED THROUGH CONSOLE COMMANDS. ; ; THE VALUE ON THE 'IOBYT' PORT REPRESENTS THE ; CURRENT CONFIGURATION. IT IS STRUCTURED THUSLY: ; ; 000000XX - WHERE XX REPRESENTS THE CURRENT CONSOLE. ; 0000XX00 - WHERE XX REPRESENTS THE CURRENT READER. ; 00XX0000 - WHERE XX REPRESENTS THE CURRENT PUNCH. ; XX000000 - WHERE XX REPRESENTS THE CURRENT LISTER. ; ; WHEN XX = 00, THE DEVICE IS ALWAYS THE ; TELEPRINTER. WHEN XX = 11, THE DEVICE IS ALWAYS THE ; USER DEFINED. SEE OPERATORS MANUAL FOR FURTHER ; DETAILS. ; ASSIGN: CALL TI ;GET DEVICE NAME LXI H,LTBL ;POINT TO DEVICE TABLE LXI B,400H ;4 DEVICES TO LOOK FOR LXI D,5 ;IDENTIFIER + 4 DEV. IN TABLE ..A0: CMP M ;LOOK FOR MATCH JRZ ..A1 DAD D ;GO THRU TABLE INR C ;KEEP TRACK OF DEVICE DJNZ ..A0 JMPR ..ERR ;WRONG IDENTIFIER ..A1: MOV E,C ;SAVE DEVICE NUMBER ..A2: CALL TI ;SCAN PAST '=' CPI '=' JRNZ ..A2 CALL TI ;GET NEW ASSIGNMENT LXI B,400H ;4 POSSIBLE ASSIGNMENTS ..A3: INX H ;POINT TO ASSIGNMENT NAME CMP M ;LOOK FOR PROPER MATCH JRZ ..A4 ;MATCH FOUND INR C ;KEEP TRACK OF ASSIGNMENT NMBR DJNZ ..A3 ..ERR: JMP ERROR ;NO MATCH, ERROR ..A4: MVI A,3 ;SET UP A MASK INR E ..A5: DCR E ;DEVICE IN E JRZ ..A6 ;GOT IT SLAR C ;ELSE MOVE MASKS SLAR C RAL RAL ;A=DEVICE MASK JMPR ..A5 ..A6: CMA ;INVERT FOR AND'ING MOV D,A ;SAVE IN D ..A7: CALL PCHK ;WAIT FOR [CR] JRNC ..A7 IN IOBYT ;GET PRESENT CONFIGURATION ANA D ;MODIFY ONLY SELECTED DEVICE ORA C ;'OR' IN NEW BIT PATTERN MOV C,A ;NEW CONFIGURATION ; ; THIS ALLOWS USER PROGRAMS TO MODIFY ; THE I/O CONFIGURATION DYNAMICALLY ; DURING EXECUTION. ; IOSET: MOV A,C ;NEW I/O BYTE PASSED IN C REG OUT IOBYT ;IN AN I/O PORT LATCH RET ; ; THIS ROUTINE IS USED AS A SIMPLE MEANS TO PREVENT ; UNAUTHORIZED SYSTEM OPERATION. THE SYSTEM LOCKS UP, ; MONITORING FOR A 'CONT.-SHIFT-N', AT WHICH TIME IT ; WILL SIGN-ON AGAIN. NO REGISTER ASSIGNMENTS OR I/O ; CONFIGURATIONS WILL BE ALTERED. ; BYE: CALL CRLF ..BY: CALL KI CPI 1EH ;CONTROL-SHIFT-N JRNZ ..BY POP D ;REMOVE THE RETURN JMP HELLO ;AND SIGN-ON AGAIN ; ; THIS ALLOWS ENTERING OF ASCII TEXT INTO MEMORY ; FROM THE CONSOLE DEVICE. THE PARITY BIT IS CLEARED, ; AND ALL WILL BE STORED EXCEPT THE BACK-ARROW [_] ; WHICH DELETES THE PREVIOUS CHARACTER, AND ; CONTROL-D, WHICH RETURNS CONTROL TO THE MONITOR. ; THIS COMMAND, COMBINED WITH THE 'Y' COMMAND, ; PROVIDES A RUDIMENTARY TEXT PROCESSING ABILITY. ; PUTA: CALL EXPR1 ;GET THE STARTING ADDR. CALL CRLF POP H ..A1: CALL KI ;GET A CHARACTER CPI 4 ;CONTROL-D? (EOT) JZ LFADR ;YES, STOP & PRINT ADDR. CPI '_' ;ERASE MISTAKE? JRZ ..A3 ; YES. MOV M,A ;ELSE STORE IT IN MEMORY MOV C,A INX H ..A2: CALL CO ;ECHO ON CONSOLE JMPR ..A1 ..A3: DCX H ;BACK UP POINTER MOV C,M JMPR ..A2 ;ECHO & CONTINUE ; ; THIS ROUTINE COMPARES THE READER INPUT ; DEVICE WITH THE MEMORY BLOCK SPECIFIED. ; IT TESTS ALL EIGHT BITS, AND ANY DISCREPENCIES ; WILL BE OUTPUT TO THE CONSOLE. THIS IS USEFUL ; WHEN USED WITH THE BINARY DUMP FORMAT TO BOTH ; VERIFY PROPER READING & STORAGE, OR TO DETECT ; PROGRAM CHANGES SINCE IT WAS LAST LOADED. ; COMP: CALL EXLF ;GET START ' STOP ADDR. ..C: CALL RIFF ;GET A FULL READER BYTE CMP M ;8 BIT COMAPARE CNZ CERR ;CALL IF INVALID COMPARE CALL HILOX ;SEE IF RANGE SATISFIED JMPR ..C ; ; THIS SUBOUTINE IS USED TO DISPLAY THE ; CURRENT LOCATION OF THE 'M' REGISTER POINTERS (HL), ; AND THE VALUE AT THE LOCATION, AND THE CONTENTS ; OF THE ACCUMULATOR. USED BY TWO ROUTINES. ; CERR: MOV B,A ;SAVE ACC. CALL HLSP ;DISPLAY H&L MOV A,M CALL LBYTE ;PRINT 'M' CALL BLK ;SPACE OVER MOV A,B CALL LBYTE ;PRINT ACC. JMP CRLF ;CRLF & RETURN ; ; THIS DISPLAYS THE CONTENTS OF MEMORY IN BASE HEX ; WITH THE STARTING LOCATION ON EACH LINE.(BETWEEN ; THE TWO PARAMETERS GIVEN). 16 BYTES PER LINE MAX. ; DISP: CALL EXLF ;GET DISPLAY RANGE ..D0: CALL LFADR ;CRLF & PRINT ADDR. ..D1: CALL BLK ;SPACE OVER MOV A,M CALL LBYTE CALL HILOX ;RANGE CHECK MOV A,L ANI 0FH ;SEE IF TIME TO CRLF JRNZ ..D1 JMPR ..D0 ; ; THIS OUTPUTS THE END OF FILE (EOF) PATTERN ; FOR THE CHECKSUM LOADER. IT IS USED AFTER ; PUNCHING A BLOCK OF MEMORY WITH THE 'W' ; COMMAND. AN ADDRESS PARAMETER MAY BE GIVEN, ; AND UPON READING, THIS ADDRESS WILL BE ; AUTOMATICALLY PLACED IN THE 'P' COUNTER. THE ; PROGRAM CAN THEN BE RUN WITH A SIMPLE 'G[CR]' ; COMMAND. ; EOF: CALL EXPR1 ;GET OPTIONAL ADDR. CALL PEOL ;CRLF TO PUNCH MVI C,':' ;FILE MARKER CUE CALL PO XRA A ;ZERO LENGTH CALL PBYTE POP H CALL PADR ;PUNCH OPTIONAL ADDR. LXI H,0 ;FILE TYPE=0 CALL PADR ;PUNCH IT JMP NULL ;TRAILER & RETURN ; ; THIS COMMAND WILL FILL A BLOCK OF MEMORY ; WITH A VALUE. IE: F0,1FFF,0 FILLS FROM ; <1> TO <2> WITH THE BYTE <3>. HANDY FOR ; INITIALIZING A BLOCK TO A SPECIFIC VALUE, OR ; MEMORY TO A CONSTANT VALUE BEFORE LOADING ; A PROGRAM. (ZERO IS ESPECIALLY USEFUL.) ; FILL: CALL EXPR3 ;GET 3 PARAMETERS ..F: MOV M,C ;STORE THE BYTE CALL HILO JRNC ..F POP D ;RESTORE STACK JMP START ; IN CASE OF ACCIDENTS ; ; THIS COMMAND ALLOWS EXECUTION OF ANOTHER ; PROGRAM WHILE RETAINING SOME MONITOR ; CONTROL BY SETTING BREAKPOINTS. ; ; TO SIMPLY EXECUTE, TYPE 'G[CR]'. TO SET ; A BREAKPOINT TRAP, ADD THE ADDRESS(ES) TO THE ; COMMAND. IE: G,[CR]. TWO BREAKPOINTS ; ARE ALLOWED, ENOUGH TO SATISFY MOST REQUIREMENTS. ; ONCE A BREAKPOINT HAS BEEN REACHED, THE ; REGISTERS MAY BE EXAMINED OR MODIFIED. THE ; PROGRAM CAN THEN BE CONTINUED BY TYPING ONLY ; A 'G[CR]'. OR ANOTHER BREAKPOINT COULD BE ; IMPLEMENTED AT THAT TIME BY TYPING 'G,[CR]'. ; ; *NOTE: THIS IS SOFTWARE CONTROLLED, AND THE ; BREAKPOINT MUST OCCUR ON AN INTRUCTION ; BYTE. ; GOTO: CALL PCHK ;GET A POSSIBLE ADDRESS JRC ..G3 ;CR ENTERED JRZ ..G0 ;DELIMETER ENTERED CALL EXF ;GET ONE EXPRESSION POP D LXI H, PLOC ;PLACE ADDRESS IN 'P' LOCATION DAD SP MOV M,D ;HIGH BYTE DCX H MOV M,E ;LOW BYTE MOV A,B CPI CR ;SEE IF LAST CHARACTER WAS CR JRZ ..G3 ;YES, LEAVE ..G0: MVI D,2 ;TWO BREAKPOINTS MAX LXI H, TLOC ;POINT TO TRAP STORAGE DAD SP ..G1: PUSH H ;SAVE STORAGE POINTER CALL EXPR1 ;GET A TRAP ADDRESS MOV E,B ;SAVE DELIMETER POP B ;TRAP ADDR. POP H ;STORAGE MOV A,B ;LOOK AT TRAP ADDR ORA C JRZ ..G2 ;DON'T SET A TRAP AT 0 MOV M,C ;SAVE BKPT ADDR INX H MOV M,B INX H LDAX B ;PICK UP INST. BYTE MOV M,A ;SAVE THAT TOO INX H MVI A,0FFH ;RST 7 STAX B ;SOFTWARE INTERUPT ..G2: MOV A,E ;LOOK AT DELIMITER CPI CR JRZ ..G2A DCR D ;COUNT BKPTS JRNZ ..G1 ;GET ONE MORE ..G2A: MVI A,JMP ;SET UP JMP INSTRUCTION STA RST7 ; AT RESTART TRAP LOC. LXI H,TRAP ; TO MONITOR VECTOR SHLD RST7+1 ..G3: CALL CRLF POP D ;CLEAR SYSTEM RETURN LXI H,22 ;FIND 'EXIT' ROUTINE DAD SP ;UP IN STACK PCHL ;GOOD LUCK. ; ; THIS IS A 'QUICKIE' MEMORY TEST TO SPOT ; HARD MEMORY FAILURES, OR ACCIDENTLY ; PROTECTED MEMORY LOCATIONS. IT IS NOT ; MEANT TO BE THE DEFINITIVE MEMORY DIAGNOSTIC. ; IT IS, HOWEVER, NON-DESTRUCTIVE. ERRORS ARE ; PRINTED ON THE CONSOLE AS FOLLOWS- ; 00000100 WHERE <1> IS THE BAD BIT. ; BIT LOCATION OF THE FAILURE IS EASILY ; DETERMINED. NON-R/W MEMORY WILL RETURN ; WITH- 11111111 ; TEST: CALL EXLF ;GET TWO PARAMS ..T1: MOV A,M ;READ A BYTE MOV B,A ;SAVE IN B REG. CMA MOV M,A ;READ/COMPLIMENT/WRITE XRA M ; & COMPARE JRZ ..T2 ;SKIP IF ZERO (OK) PUSH D ;SAVE END POINTER MOV D,B ;SAVE BYTE MOV E,A ;SET-UP TO DISPLAY CALL HLSP ;PRINT BAD ADDR CALL BITS ;PRINT BAD BIT LOC. CALL CRLF MOV B,D ;RESTORE BYTE POP D ;RESTORE DE ..T2: MOV M,B ;REPLACE BYTE CALL HILOX ;RANGE TEST JMPR ..T1 ; ; THIS COMMAND MOVES MASS AMOUNTS OF MEMORY ; FROM <1> THRU <2> TO THE ADDRESS STARTING ; AT <3>. THIS ROUTINE SHOULD BE USED WITH ; SOME CAUTION, AS IT COULD SMASH MEMORY IF ; CARELESSLY IMPLEMENTED. ; ; M<1>,<2>,<3> ; MOVE: CALL EXPR3 ;GET 3 PARAMETERS ..M: MOV A,M ;PICK UP STAX B ;PUT DOWN INX B ;MOVE UP CALL HILOX ;CHECK IF DONE JMPR ..M ; ; THIS COMMAND READS THE CHECK-SUMMED HEX FILES ; FOR BOTH THE NORMAL INTEL FORMAT AND THE CDL ; RELOCATING FORMAT. ON BOTH FILES, A 'BIAS' MAY ; BE ADDED, WHICH WILL CAUSE THE OBJECT CODE TO ; BE PLACED IN A LOCATION OTHER THAN ITS ; INTENDED EXECUTION LOCATION. THE BIAS IS ADDED TO ; WHAT WOULD HAVE BEEN THE NORMAL LOADING ; LOCATION, AND WILL WRAP AROUND TO ENABLE ; LOADING ANY PROGRAM ANYWHERE IN MEMORY. ; ; WHEN LOADING A RELOCATABLE FILE, AN ADDITIONAL ; PARAMETER MAY BE ADDED, WHICH REPRESENTS THE ; ACTUAL EXECUTION ADDRESS DESIRED. THIS ALSO MAY ; BE ANY LOCATION IN MEMORY. ; ; EXAMPLES: ; ; R[CR] =0 BIAS, 0 EXECUTION ADDR. ; R[CR] =<1>BIAS, 0 EXECUTION ADDR. ; R,[CR] =0 BIAS, <1> EXECUTION ADDR. ; R,[CR] =<1>BIAS, <2> EXECUTION ADDR. ; READ: CALL EXPR1 ;GET BIAS, IF ANY MOV A,B ;LOOK AT DELIMITER SUI CR ;ALL DONE? MOV B,A ;SET UP RELOCATION OF 0 MOV C,A ; IF CR ENTERED POP D ;BIAS AMOUNT JRZ ..R0 ;CR ENTERED CALL EXPR1 ;GET RELOCATION POP B ;ACTUAL RELOCATION VALUE ..R0: XCHG EXX ;HL'=BIAS, BC'=RELOCATION CALL CRLF LOD0: CALL RIX ;GET A CHARACTER SUI ':' ;ABSOLUTE FILE CUE? MOV B,A ;SAVE CUE CLUE ANI 0FEH ;KILL BIT 0 JRNZ LOD0 ; NO, KEEP LOOKING MOV D,A ;ZERO CHECKSUM CALL SBYTE ;GET FILE LENGTH MOV E,A ;SAVE IN E REG. CALL SBYTE ;GET LOAD MSB PUSH PSW ;SAVE IT CALL SBYTE ;GET LOAD LSB EXX ;CHANGE GEARS POP D ;RECOVER MSB MOV E,A ;FULL LOAD ADDR PUSH B ;BC'=RELOCATION PUSH D ;DE'=LOAD ADDR PUSH H ; HL'=BIAS DAD D ; BIAS+LOAD XTHL ;RESTORE HL' POP X ; X=BIAS+LOAD EXX ;DOWNSHIFT POP H ;HL=LOAD ADDR CALL SBYTE ;GET FILE TYPE DCR A ;1=REL. FILE, 0=ABS. MOV A,B ;SAVE CUE BIT POP B ;BC=RELOCATION JRNZ ..A ;ABSOLUTE FILE DAD B ;ELSE RELOCATE DADX B ;BOTH X & HL ..A: INR E ;TEST LENGTH DCR E ;0=DONE JRZ DONE DCR A ;TEST CUE JRZ LODR ;RELATIVE ..L1: CALL SBYTE ;NEXT CALL STORE ;STORE IT JRNZ ..L1 ;MORE COMING LOD4: CALL SBYTE ;GET CHECKSUM JRZ LOD0 ;GOOD CHECKSUM ERR2: PUSH X POP H ;TRANSFER CALL LADR ;PRINT CURRENT LOAD ADDR JMP ERROR ;ABORT DONE: MOV A,H ORA L ;DON'T MODIFY IF ZERO RZ XCHG ;STORE PC LXI H, PLOC DAD SP MOV M,D ;IN STACK AREA DCX H MOV M,E RET LODR: MVI L,1 ;SET-UP BIT COUNTER ..L1: CALL LODCB ;GET THE BIT JRC ..L3 ;DOUBLE BIT ..L5: CALL STORE ;WRITE IT JRNZ ..L1 JMPR LOD4 ;TEST CHECKSUM ..L3: MOV C,A ;SAVE LOW BYTE CALL LODCB ;NEXT CONTROL BIT MOV B,A ;SAVE HIGH BYTE EXX PUSH B ;GET RELOCATION EXX XTHL ;INTO HL DAD B ;RELOCATE MOV A,L ;LOW BYTE CALL STORE ;STORE IT MOV A,H ;HIGH BYTE POP H ;RESTORE HL JMPR ..L5 ;DO THIS AGAIN LODCB: DCR L ;COUNT BITS JRNZ ..LC1 ;MORE LEFT CALL SBYTE ;GET NEXT DCR E ;COUNT BYTES MOV H,A ;SAVE THE BITS MVI L,8 ;8 BITS/BYTE ..LC1: CALL SBYTE ;GET A DATA BYTE SLAR H ;TEST NEXT BIT RET SBYTE: PUSH B ;PRESERVE BC CALL RIBBLE ;GET A CONVERTED ASCII CHAR. RLC RLC RLC RLC ;MOVE IT TO HIGH NIBBLE MOV C,A ;SAVE IT CALL RIBBLE ;GET OTHER HALF ORA C ;MAKE WHOLE MOV C,A ;SAVE AGAIN IN C ADD D ;UPDATE CHECKSUM MOV D,A ;NEW CHECKSUM MOV A,C ;CONVERTED BYTE POP B RET STORE: MOV 0(X),A ;WRITE TO MEMORY CMP 0(X) ;VALID WRITE? JRNZ ERR2 ; NO. INX X ;ADVANCE POINTER DCR E ;COUNT DOWN RET ; ; THIS ROUTINE ALLOWS BOTH INSPECTION OF & ; MODIFICATION OF MEMORY ON A BYTE BY BYTE ; BASIS. IT TAKES ONE ADDRESS PARAMETER, ; FOLLOWED BY A SPACE. THE DATA AT THAT ; LOCATION WILL BE DISPLAYED. IF IT IS ; DESIRED TO CHANGE IT, THE VALUE IS THEN ; ENTERED. A FOLLOWING SPACE WILL DISPLAY ; THE NEXT BYTE. A CARRIAGE RETURN [CR] ; WILL TERMINATE THE COMMAND. THE SYSTEM ; ADDS A CRLF AT LOCATIONS ENDING WITH EITHER ; XXX0 OR XXX8. TO AID IN DETERMINING THE ; PRESENT ADDRESS, IT IS PRINTED AFTER ; EACH CRLF. A BACKARROW [_] WILL BACK ; UP THE POINTER AND DISPLAY THE ; PREVIOUS LOCATION. ; SUBS: CALL EXPR1 ;GET STARTING ADDR. POP H ..S0: MOV A,M CALL LBYTE ;DISPLAY THE BYTE CALL COPCK ;MODIFY? RC ; NO, ALL DONE JRZ ..S1 ;DON'T MODIFY CPI '_' ;BACKUP? JRZ ..S2 PUSH H ;SAVE POINTER CALL EXF ;GET NEW VALUE POP D ;VALUE IN E POP H MOV M,E ;MODIFY MOV A,B ;TEST DELIMITER CPI CR RZ ;DONE ..S1: INX H ..S3: MOV A,L ;SEE IF TIME TO CRLF ANI 7 CZ LFADR ;TIME TO CRLF JMPR ..S0 ..S2: DCX H ;DECREMENT POINTER JMPR ..S3 ;AND PRINT DATA THERE. ; ; THIS ROUTINE TRANSLATES THE DATA IN ; MEMORY TO AN ASCII FORMAT. ALL NON- ; PRINTING CHARACTERS ARE CONVERTED TO ; PERIODS. [.] ; THERE ARE 64 CHARACTERS PER LINE. ; TYPE: CALL EXLF ;DISPLAY RANGE ..T0: CALL LFADR ;DISPLAY ADDRESS MVI B,64 ;CHARACTERS PER LINE ..T1: MOV A,M ANI 7FH ;KILL PARITY BIT CPI ' ' ;RANGE TEST JRNC ..T3 ;=>SPACE ..T2: MVI A,'.' ;REPLACE NON-PRINTING ..T3: CPI 07CH ;ABOVE LOWER CASE z JRNC ..T2 MOV C,A ;SEND IT CALL CO CALL HILOX ;MORE TO GO? DJNZ ..T1 ;SEE IF TIME TO CRLF JMPR ..T0 ; YES. ; ; THIS IS A HEXADECIMAL SEARCH ROUTINE. IT ; TAKES NO ADDRESS PARAMETERS. AS MANY ; BYTES MAY BE ENTERED, SEPARATED BY A COMMA, ; AS DESIRED. THE MAXIMUM IS 255, BUT 3-4 IS ; TYPICAL, AND MORE THAN 12 WOULD BE UNUSUAL. ; THE ENTIRE MEMORY IS SEARCHED, STARTING ; FROM ZERO, AND ALL STARTING ADDRESSES OF EACH ; OCCURENCE OF THE REQUESTED STRING ARE PRINTED ; ON THE CONSOLE DEVICE. ; WHERE: MVI D,0 ;COUNT SEARCH BYTES ..W0: CALL EXPR1 ;GET ONE BYTE POP H ;PICK IT UP MOV H,L ;STICK IN HIGH BYTE PUSH H ;PUT IT IN STACK INX SP ;ADJUST STACK INR D ;COUNT UP MOV A,B ;TEST DELIMITER SUI CR JRNZ ..W0 ;MORE TO GO MOV B,A ;CHEAP ZEROES MOV C,A MOV H,A MOV L,D ;GET BYTE COUNT IN L DCR L ;-1 DAD SP ;BYTES STORED IN STACK PUSH H PUSH B FINDC: PUSH B ;SAVE THAT POINTER CALL CRLF POP B ;RESTORE FIND: POP H ;HL=SEARCH ADDR POP X ;X=SEARCH BYTE POINTER MOV E,D ;RESET COUNT MOV A,0(X) ;GET THE FIRST SEARCH BYTE CCIR ;COMPARE, INCR., & REPEAT JPO DONE2 ;ODD PARITY=DONE PUSH X ;SAVE POINTERS PUSH H FOUND: DCR E JRZ TELL ;FOUND ALL MOV A,-1(X) ;LOOK AT NEXT MATCH CMP M ;TEST NEXT JRNZ FIND ;NO MATCH INX H ;BUMP POINTERS DCX X JMPR FOUND ;TEST NEXT MATCH TELL: POP H PUSH H DCX H PUSH B ;SAVE SEARCH COUNT LIMIT CALL LADR ;TELL CONSOLE POP B ;RESTORE JMPR FINDC DONE2: INX SP DCR E ;RESET STACK JRNZ DONE2 RET ; ; THIS ROUTINE DUMPS MEMORY IN THE STANDARD ; INTEL HEX-FILE FORMAT. A START & END ; PARAMETER IS REQUIRED. AT THE CONCLUSION ; OF THE DUMP, AN "END OF FILE" SHOULD BE ; GENERATED WITH THE "E" COMMAND. ; WRITE: CALL EXLF ;GET TWO PARAMETERS CALL WAIT ;PAUSE IF TTY CONFIGURATION ..W0: CALL PEOL ;CRLF TO PUNCH LXI B,':' ;START-OF-FILE CUE CALL PO ;PUNCH IT PUSH D ;SAVE PUSH H ; POINTERS ..W1: INR B ;CALCULATE FILE LENGTH CALL HILO JRC ..W4 ;SHORT FILE MVI A,24 ;24 BYTES PER FILE SUB B ;ENOUGH YET? JRNZ ..W1 ; NO. POP H ;GET START ADDR BACK. CALL ..W2 ;SEND THE BLOCK POP D ;RESTORE END OF FILE POINTER JMPR ..W0 ;KEEP GOING ..W2: MOV D,A ;INITIALIZE CHECKSUM MOV A,B ;FILE LENGTH CALL PBYTE ;PUNCH IT CALL PADR ;PUNCH ADDRESS XRA A ;FILE TYPE=0 CALL PBYTE ;PUNCH IT ..W3: MOV A,M ;GET A DATA BYTE CALL PBYTE ;PUNCH IT INX H ;POINT TO NEXT BYTE DJNZ ..W3 ;DECREMENT FILE COUNT XRA A SUB D ;CALCULATE CHECKSUM JMP PBYTE ;PUNCH IT, RETURN ..W4: POP H ;CLEAR STACK POP D ; OF POINTERS XRA A ;SET-UP A JMPR ..W2 ;FINISH UP & RETURN ; ; ; THIS ROUTINE ALLOWS DISPLAYING THE ; USER'S CPU REGISTERS. THEY ALSO MAY BE ; USING THE REGISTER NAME AFTER TYPING THE "X". ; I.E. XA 00- ; THE REGISTER MAY BE SKIPPED OVER, OR MODIFIED, ; SIMILARLY TO THE "S" COMMAND. ; ; TO DISPLAY THE "NORMAL" SYSTEM STATUS, ; SIMPLY TYPE "X[CR]". TO DISPLAY THE ; ADDITIONAL Z-80 REGISTERS, FOLLOW ; THE "X" WITH AN APOSTROPHE. I.E. "X'[CR]", ; OR TO EXAMINE A SINGLE "PRIME" REGISTER, ; TYPE THE REGISTER IDENTIFIER AFTER THE ; APOSTROPHE. I.E. X'X 0000- ; ; THESE REGISTER VALUES ARE PLACED INTO THE CPU ; UPON EXECUTING ANY "GO" COMMAND. [G] ; XAM: CALL TI LXI H,ACTBL CPI CR ;FULL REG. DISPLAY JRZ ..X6 CPI "'" ;SEE IF PRIMES WANTED JRNZ ..X0 LXI H,PRMTB CALL TI CPI CR ;FULL REG. DISPLAY JRZ ..X6 ..X0: CMP M ;TEST FOR REGISTER NAME JRZ ..X1 BIT 7,M ;SEE IF END OF TABLE JNZ ERROR INX H INX H JMPR ..X0 ..X1: CALL BLK ..X2: INX H MOV A,M MOV B,A ;SAVE FOR FLAGS ANI 3FH ;CLEAR FLAGS FOR BIAS XCHG MOV L,A ;DISPLACEMENT FROM STACK MVI H,0 DAD SP XCHG INX H LDAX D ;PICK UP REG. VALUE CALL LBYTE ;PRINT IT BIT 7,B JRZ ..X3 DCX D LDAX D CALL LBYTE ..X3: CALL COPCK ;ASK CONSOLE RC ;CR ENTERED, ALL DONE JRZ ..X5 ;SKIP TO NEXT REG. PUSH H PUSH B CALL EXF ;GET NEW VALUE POP H POP PSW PUSH B PUSH PSW MOV A,L STAX D POP B BIT 7,B ;SEE IF 8 BIT OR 16 BIT REG. JRZ ..X4 ;8 BIT INX D MOV A,H ;HIGH BYTE OF 16 BIT REG. STAX D ..X4: POP B POP H MOV A,B ;TEST KEYBOARD CPI CR RZ ;ALL DONE ..X5: BIT 7,M ;SEE IF END OF TABLE RNZ ;RETURN IF SO JMPR ..X2 ..X6: CALL CRLF ..X7: CALL BLK MOV A,M INX H ORA A RM MOV C,A CALL CO MVI C,'=' CALL CO MOV A,M MOV B,A ;SAVE FLAGS ANI 3FH ;CLEAN UP FOR OFFSET INX H XCHG MOV L,A MVI H,0 DAD SP XCHG BIT 6,B ;TEST FOR SPECIAL "M" JRNZ ..X9 ;PRINT OUT ACTUAL "M" LDAX D CALL LBYTE ;PRINT REG. VALUE BIT 7,B ;SINGLE OR DOUBLE? JRZ ..X7 ;SINGLE. DCX D LDAX D ..X8: CALL LBYTE JMPR ..X7 ..X9: PUSH H ;SAVE HL LDAX D ;GET REG. POINTER MOV H,A ;HIGH BYTE DCX D LDAX D MOV L,A ;LOW BYTE MOV A,M ;GET VALUE POP H ;RESTORE HL JMPR ..X8 ;PRINT VALUE & CONTINUE ; ; THIS IS A MESSAGE OUTPUT ROUTINE. ; IT IS USED BY THE SIGN-ON AND CRLF. ; POINTER IS IN HL (WHEN ENTERED AT ; TOM) AND LENGTH IN B REG. ; TOM1: LXI H,MSG TOM: MOV C,M ;GET A CHARACTER INX H ;MOVE POINTER CALL CO ;OUTPUT IT DJNZ TOM ;KEEP GOING TILL B=0 CALL CSTS ;SEE IF AN ABORT REQUEST ORA A ; WAITING. RZ ;NO. ; ; SEE IF CONTROL-C IS WAITING ; ABORT IF SO. ; CCHK: CALL KI CPI 3 ;CONTROL-C? RNZ ; ; SYSTEM ERROR ROUTINE. THIS ; WILL RESTORE THE SYSTEM AFTER ; A SYSTEM ERROR HAS BEEN TAKEN. ; THE I/O CONFIGURATION IS NOT ; AFFECTED. ; ERROR: CALL MEMSIZ LXI D,-22 ;STACK POINTER OFFSET DAD D SPHL ;RESET STACK MVI C,'*' ;ANNOUNCE ERROR CALL CO JMP START ;BACK TO WORK ; ; THIS GETS A READER CHARACTER, ; AND ALSO COMPARES IT WITH "D" REG. ; IT WILL ABORT ON AN "OUT-OF-DATA" ; CONDITION. ; RIFF: CALL RI ;NORMAL READER ROUTINE JRC ERROR ;ABORT ON A CARRY CMP D ;COMPARE W/"D" REG. RET ; ; THIS ROUTINE WILL RETURN THE ; CURRENT VALUE OF THE HIGHEST ; READ/WRITE MEMORY LOCATION THAT ; IS AVAILABLE ON THE SYSTEM. ; IT WILL "SEARCH" FOR MEMORY ; STARTING AT THE BOTTOM OF MEMORY ; AND GO UPWARDS UNTIL NON-R/W MEMORY ; IS FOUND. ; SIZE: CALL MEMSIZE ;GET THE VALUE LXI B,(ENDX-EXIT) DAD B ;ADJUST IT ; ; ; CRLF BEFORE HLSP ROUTINE ; LFADR: CALL CRLF ; ; PRINT THE CURRENT VALUE OF H&L, ; AND A SPACE. ; HLSP: CALL LADR ; ; PRINT A SPACE ON THE CONSOLE ; BLK: MVI C,' ' ; ; THIS IS THE MAIN CONSOLE ; OUTPUT ROUTINE. ; CO: IN IOBYT ANI # CMSK JRNZ CO0 ; ; TELEPRINTER CONFIGURATION ; I/O DRIVER. ; TTYOUT: IN TTS ANI TTYBE JRZ TTYOUT MOV A,C OUT TTO RET CO0: DCR A ;CCRT? JRNZ CO1 ; NO. ; ; C.R.T. CONFIGURATION DRIVER. ; CRTOUT: IN CRTS ANI CRTBE JRZ CRTOUT MOV A,C OUT CRTO RET ; CO1: DCR A ;BATCH? JNZ COLOC ; NO, MUST BE USER ; ; LIST OUTPUT DRIVER ROUTINE ; -AN EXTERNALLY VECTORED ROUTINE, ; USED BY THE ASSEMBLER, ETC. ALSO, ; WHEN THE ASSIGNED MODE IS "BATCH", ; THIS IS THE ROUTINE USED FOR THE ; MONITOR OUTPUT THAT WOULD NORMALLY ; GO TO THE "CONSOLE". ; LO: IN IOBYT ANI # LMSK JRZ TTYOUT CPI LCRT JRZ CRTOUT CPI LINE JZ LNLOC ;EXTERNAL VECTOR JMP LULOC ;USER DEFINED VECTOR ; ; SEND CRLF TO PUNCH DEVICE ; PEOL: MVI C,CR CALL PO MVI C,LF ; ; PUNCH OUTPUT DRIVER ROUTINE ; PO: IN IOBYT ANI # PMSK JRZ TTYOUT ;PUNCH=TELEPRINTER CPI PCAS ;CASSETTE? JRNZ PO1 ; NO. ; PO0: IN PCASS ;CASSETTE DRIVER ANI PCSBE JRZ PO0 MOV A,C OUT PCASO RET ; PO1: CPI PPTP JZ PTPL ;EXTERNAL VECTOR JMP PULOC ;USER VECTOR ; ; ; THIS IS A BINARY DUMP ROUTINE THAT MAY BE ; USED WITH BOTH PAPER-TAPE AND/OR CASSETTE ; SYSTEMS. IT PUNCHES A START-OF-FILE MARK ; AND THEN PUNCHES IN FULL 8-BITS DIRECTLY ; FROM MEMORY. IT IS FOLLOWED BY AN END-OF- ; FILE MARKER. THESE DUMPS MAY BE LOADED ; USING THE "L" COMMAND. THEY ARE USEFUL ; FOR FAST LOADING, AND MAY BE VERIFIED ; USING THE "C" (COMPARE) COMMAND. ; ; U,[CR] ; PUNCHES FROM THRU ; UNLD: CALL EXLF ;GET TWO PARAMETERS CALL WAIT ;PAUSE FOR PUNCH-ON (TTY) CALL LEAD ;PUNCH LEADER CALL MARK ;PUNCH FILE MARKER ..U: MOV C,M ;GET MEMORY BYTE CALL PO ;PUNCH IT CALL HILO ;SEE IF DONE JRNC ..U CALL MARK ;PUNCH END FILE MARKER ; ; THIS PUNCHES NULLS (LEADER/TRAILER). ; IT RETURNS "QUIET" IN CASE THE PUNCH ; AND CONSOLE ARE THE SAME. ; NULL: CALL LEAD ;PUNCH NULLS ; ; THIS ROUTINE WILL PAUSE FOR ; A KEYBOARD CHARACTER. IT IS ; USED AS A DELAY TO GIVE THE ; OPERATOR TIME TO TURN ON THE ; TELEPRINTER PUNCH BEFORE SENDING ; A HEX FILE OR BINARY FILE TO ; THE PUNCH. IT WILL SIMPLY ; RETURN IF THE PUNCH & CONSOLE ; ARE NOT BOTH ASSIGNED TO THE ; DEFAULT. (TELEPRINTER). ; WAIT: IN IOBYT ANI # CMSK ! # PMSK RNZ JMP STAR0 ;RETURN "QUIET" ; ; CONVERT HEX TO ASCII ; CONV: ANI 0FH ;LOW NIBBLE ONLY ADI 90H DAA ACI 40H DAA MOV C,A RET ; ; GET TWO PARAMETERS, PLACE ; THEM IN DE & HL, AND THEN ; CRLF. ; EXLF: CALL EXPR POP D POP H ; ; CONSOLE CARRIAGE RETURN & ; LINE FEED ROUTINE. ; ; THE NUMBER OF FILL CHARACTERS ; IS SET TO 3 TO ALLOW A ; LARGER NUMBER OF TERMINALS TO ; BE USED WITH THIS MONITOR. ; THE NUMBER OF FILLS MAY NOT BE ; ADJUSTED. ; CRLF: PUSH H ;SAVE HL MVI B,5 ;CRLF LENGTH CALL TOM1 ;SEND CRLF POP H RET ; ; TEST THE CURRENT CONSOLES ; KEYBOARD FOR A KEY-PRESS. ; RETURN TRUE (0FFH IN A REG) ; IF THERE IS A CHARACTER ; WAITING IN THE UART. ; CSTS: IN IOBYT ANI # CMSK JRNZ CS0 IN TTS JMPR CS1 CS0: DCR A ;CCRT JRNZ CS3 IN CRTS CS1: ANI TTYDA MVI A,TRUE CS2: RNZ CMA RET CS3: DCR A ;BATCH RZ JMP CSLOC ;USED DEFINED VECTOR ; ; GET THREE PARAMETERS AND ; CRLF. ; EXPR3: INR C CALL EXPR CALL CRLF POP B POP D POP H RET ; ; GET ONE PARAMETER. ; NO CRLF. ; EXPR1: MVI C,1 ; ; THIS IS THE MAIN "PARAMETER-GETTING" ROUTINE. ; THIS ROUTINE WILL ABORT ON A NON-HEX CHARACTER. ; IT TAKES THE MOST RECENTLY TYPED FOUR VALID ; HEX CHARACTERS, AND PLACES THEM UP ON THE STACK. ; (AS GNE 16 BIT VALUE, CONTAINED IN TWO ; 8-BIT BYTES.) IF A CARRIAGE RETURN IS ENTERED, ; IT WILL PLACE THE VALUE OF "0000" IN THE STACK. ; EXPR: LXI H,0 ;INITIALIZE HL TO ZERO EX0: CALL TI ;GET SOMETHING FROM CONSOLE EX1: MOV B,A ;SAVE IT CALL NIBBLE ;CONVERT ASCII TO HEX. JRC ..EX2 ;ILLEGAL CHARACTER DETECTED DAD H ;MULTIPLY BY 16 DAD H DAD H DAD H ORA L ;OR IN THE SINGLE NIBBLE MOV L,A JMPR EX0 ;GET SOME MORE ..EX2: XTHL ;SAVE UP IN STACK PUSH H ;REPLACE THE RETURN MOV A,B ;TEST THE DELIMITER CALL QCHK JRNC ..EX3 ;CR ENTERED DCR C ;SHOULD GO TO ZERO RZ ; RETURN IF IT DOES ..EX3: JNZ ERROR ;SOMETHING WRONG DCR C ;DO THIS AGAIN? JRNZ EXPR ; YES. RET ;ELSE RETURN EXF: MVI C,1 LXI H,0 JMPR EX1 ; ; RANGE TESTING ROUTINES. ; CARRY SET INDICATES RANGE EXCEEDED. ; HILOX: CALL HILO RNC ;OK POP D ;RETURN ONE LEVEL BACK RET ; HILO: INX H ;INCREMENT HL MOV A,H ;TEST FOR CROSSING 64K BORDER ORA L STC ;CARRY SET=STOP RZ ;YES, BORDER CROSSED MOV A,E ;NOW, TEST HL VS. DE SUB L MOV A,D SBB H RET ;IF CARRY WAS SET, THEN STOP ; ; HEXADECIMAL MATH ROUTINE ; ; THIS ROUTINE IS USEFUL FOR ; DETERMINING RELATIVE JUMP ; OFFSETS. IT RETURNS THE SUM ; & DIFFERENCE OF TWO PARAMETERS. ; ; H, ; ; X+Y X-Y ; HEXN: CALL EXLF PUSH H ;SAVE HL FOR LATER DAD D ;GET SUM CALL HLSP ;PRINT IT POP H ;THIS IS LATER ORA A ;CLEAR CARRY DSBC D ;GET DIFFERENCE & PRINT IT ; ; PRINT H&L ON CONSOLE ; LADR: MOV A,H CALL LBYTE MOV A,L LBYTE: PUSH PSW RRC RRC RRC RRC CALL ..2 POP PSW ..2: CALL CONV JMP CO ; THIS ROUTINE SENDS EIGHT RUBOUTS ; TO THE PUNCH DEVICE. ; MARK: LXI B,08FFH ;SET-UP B&C JMPR LE0 ; ; THIS ROUTINE SENDS BLANKS TO THE ; PUNCH DEVICE. ; LEAD: LXI B,4800H ;PRESET FOR SOME NULLS LE0: CALL PO DJNZ LE0 RET ; ; THIS ROUTINE RETURNS TO A USER ; PROGRAM THE CURRENT TOP OF ; MEMORY VALUE MINUS WORKSPACE ; AREA USED BY THE MONITOR. ; MEMCK: PUSH H CALL MEMSIZ MOV A,L SUI 3CH JRNC ..B DCR H ..B: MOV B,H POP H RET ; ; THIS IS A CALLED ROUTINE USED ; TO CALCULATE THE TOP OF MEMORY ; STARTING FROM THE BOTTOM OF ; MEMORY, AND SEARCHING UPWARD UNTIL ; FIRST R/W MEMORY IS FOUND, AND THEN ; CONTINUING UNTIL THE END OF THE R/W ; MEMORY. THIS ALLOWS R.O.M. AT ZERO, ; AND INSURES A CONTINUOUS MEMORY BLOCK ; HAS BEEN FOUND. ; IT IS USED BY THE ERROR ROUTINE TO ; RESET THE STACK POINTER. ; MEMSIZ: PUSH B LXI H,-1 ;START AT THE BOTTOM ..M0: INR H ;FIRST FIND R/W MOV A,M CMA MOV M,A CMP M CMA MOV M,A JRNZ ..M0 ;KEEP LOOKING FOR RAM ..M1: INR H ;R/W FOUND, NOW FIND END MOV A,M CMA MOV M,A CMP M CMA MOV M,A JRZ ..M1 ;NOT THERE YET ..M2: DCR H ;BACK UP, SUBTRACT WORKSPACE LXI B,EXIT-ENDX DAD B POP B ;RESTORE BC RET ;VALUE IN HL ; ; RIBBLE: CALL RIX NIBBLE: SUI '0' ;QUALIFY & CONVERT RC ;<0 CPI 'G'-'0' ;>F? CMC ;PERVERT CARRY RC CPI 10 ;NMBR? CMC ;PERVERT AGAIN RNC ;RETURN CLEAN SUI 'A'-'9'-1 ;ADJUST CPI 0AH ;FILTER ":" THRU "@" RET ; ; SEND H&L VALUE TO PUNCH DEVICE ; PADR: MOV A,H CALL PBYTE MOV A,L ; ; PUNCH A SINGLE BYTE ; PBYTE: PUSH PSW ;NIBBLE AT A TIME RRC RRC RRC RRC CALL CONV CALL PO POP PSW ;NEXT NIBBLE PUSH PSW ;SAVE FOR CHECKSUM CALL CONV CALL PO POP PSW ;ORIGINAL BYTE HERE ADD D ;ADDED TO CHECKSUM MOV D,A ;UPDATE CHECKSUM RET ; ; COPCK: MVI C,'-' ;PROMPT FOR CONSOLE CALL CO ; PCHK: CALL TI ; ; TEST FOR DELIMITERS ; QCHK: CPI ' ' ;RETURN ZERO IF DELIMITER RZ CPI ',' RZ CPI CR ;RETURN W/CARRY SET IF CR STC RZ CMC ;ELSE NON-ZERO, NO CARRY RET ; ; MAIN CONSOLE INPUT ROUTINE ; CI: IN IOBYT ANI # CMSK JRNZ CI1 ; ; TELEPRINTER ROUTINE ; TTYIN: IN TTS RAR JRNC TTYIN IN TTI RET ; CI1: DCR A ;CONSOLE=CRT? JRNZ CI2 ; ; C.R.T. INPUT ROUTINE ; CRTIN: IN CRTS RAR JRNC CRTIN IN CRTI RET ; CI2: DCR A ;BATCH? JNZ CILOC ;NO, MUST BE USER DEFINED ; ; ; READER INPUT ROUTINE, WITH ; TIME-OUT DELAY. INCLUDES ; PULSING OF HARDWARE PORT ; TO INDICATE REQUEST FOR ; READER DATA. ; RI: PUSH H IN IOBYT ANI # RMSK CMA OUT RCP ;INFORM OF DESIRE FOR INPUT CMA OUT RCP JRNZ RI3 MOV H,A ;CLEAR FOR TIME-OUT TEST RI0: IN TTS RAR JRC RI2 PUSH B MVI B,0 DL0: XTHL ;WASTE TIME XTHL ;FOR DELAY DJNZ DL0 POP B DCR H JRNZ RI0 RI1: XRA A STC POP H RET RI2: IN TTI RID: ORA A POP H RET RI3: CPI RCAS JRNZ RI6 RI4: IN SWITCH ;TEST FOR AN ABORT MOV L,A ;SAVE INITIAL STATUS ..R4A: IN SWITCH CMP L ;SEE IF IT CHANGES JRNZ RI1 ;YES, ABORT IN RCSS ;CASSETTE INPUT DRIVER RAR JRNC ..R4A RI5: IN RCSD JMPR RID RI6: POP H CPI RPTR JZ RPTPL ;EXTERNAL ROUTINE JMP RULOC ;USER VECTOR ; ; THIS ROUTINE GETS READER INPUT ; AND KILLS THE PARITY BIT. ; RIX: CALL RIFF ANI 7FH RET ; ; THIS ROUTINE READS A BINARY FILE ; IMAGE, IN THE FORM AS PUNCHED IN ; THE "U" (UNLOAD) COMMAND. IT TAKES ; ONE PARAMETER, WHICH IS THE STARTING ; ADDRESS OF THE LOAD, AND WILL PRINT ; THE LAST ADDRESS(+1) LOADED ON THE ; CONSOLE DEVICE. ; LOAD: CALL EXPR1 ;INITIAL LOAD ADDRESS POP H CALL CRLF MVI D,0FFH ;START-OF-FILE TAG ..L0: MVI B,4 ;FIND AT LEAST FOUR 0FFH'S ..L1: CALL RIFF JRNZ ..L0 DJNZ ..L1 ..L2: CALL RIFF ;4 FOUND, NOW WAIT FOR NON-0FFH JRZ ..L2 MOV M,A ;FIRST REAL DATA BYTE MVI A,BELL ;TELL TTY OUT TTO ..L3: INX H CALL RIFF JRZ ..EL ;POSSIBLE END OF FILE MOV M,A JMPR ..L3 ..EL: MVI E,1 ;INITIALIZE ..EL0: CALL RIFF JRNZ ..EL1 INR E ;COUNT QUES MVI A,MAX ;LOOK FOR EOF CMP E ;FOUND MAX? JRNZ ..EL0 ;NOPE JMP LADR ;YEP, PRINT END ADDR ..EL1: MOV M,D INX H DCR E ;RESTORE JRNZ ..EL1 MOV M,A ;REAL BYTE JMPR ..L3 ; ; THIS IS THE BREAKPOINT "TRAP" HANDLING ; ROUTINE. ALL USER REGISTERS ARE SAVED ; FOR DISPLAY PURPOSES, AND THE CONTENTS ; ARE RESTORED WHEN EXECUTING A "GO" (G) ; COMMAND. ; RESTART: PUSH H ;PUSH ALL REGISTERS PUSH D PUSH B PUSH PSW CALL MEMSIZ ;GET MONITOR'S STACK VALUE XCHG LXI H, 10 ;GO UP 10 BYTES IN STACK DAD SP MVI B,4 ;PICK OFF REG. XCHG ..R0: DCX H MOV M,D ;SAVE IN WORKAREA DCX H MOV M,E POP D DJNZ ..R0 POP B DCX B ;ADJUST P.C. VALUE SPHL ;SET MONITOR STACK LXI H, TLOCX DAD SP MOV A,M SUB C ;LOOK FOR A TRAP/MATCH INX H JRNZ ..R1 MOV A,M SUB B JRZ ..R3 ;NO TRAP HERE ..R1: INX H INX H MOV A,M SUB C ;TEST FOR 2ND TRAP JRNZ ..R2 INX H MOV A,M SUB B JRZ ..R3 ..R2: INX B ;NO TRAPS SET, RE-ADJUST P.C. ..R3: LXI H, LLOCX DAD SP MOV M,E ;STORE USER H&L INX H MOV M,D INX H INX H MOV M,C ;AND USER P.C. INX H MOV M,B PUSH B MVI C,'@' ;DISPLAY BREAK ADDRESS. CALL CO POP H CALL LADR LXI H, TLOCX DAD SP LXI B,200H ..R4: MOV E,M ;REPLACE BYTES TAKEN FOR TRAP MOV M,C ;ZERO OUT STORAGE AREA INX H MOV D,M MOV M,C INX H MOV A,E ORA D ;DO NOTHING IF ZERO JRZ ..R5 MOV A,M STAX D ;STORE BYTE ..R5: INX H ;SAME THING DJNZ ..R4 ;FOR OTHER BREAKPOINT EXAF ;GET ALTERNATE SET OF REG.'S EXX PUSH H ;AND STORE IN WORKSPACE PUSH D PUSH B PUSH PSW PUSH X PUSH Y LDAI ;GET INTERUPT VECTOR BYTE MOV B,A LDAR ;GET REFRESH BYTE MOV C,A PUSH B ;SAVE JMP START ;BACK TO START ; ; THIS IS THE INTERNAL KEYBOARD ; HANDLING ROUTINE. IT WILL IGNORE ; RUBOUTS (0FFH) AND BLANKS (00), ; AND IT WILL NOT ECHO CR'S & N'S. ; (NO N'S FOR THE "NULL" COMMAND). ; IT CONVERTS LOWER CASE TO UPPER ; CASE FOR THE LOOK-UP OF COMMANDS. ; ; OTHER CHARACTERS ARE ECHOED AS THEY ; ARE RECIEVED. ; KI: CALL CI ;GET CHARACTER FROM CONSOLE ANI 7FH ;CLEAR PARITY BIT RET ; TI: CALL KI RZ ;NULL INR A ;TEST FOR RUBOUT RM DCR A CPI CR ;DON'T ECHO CR'S RZ CPI 'N' ;IGNORE N'S FOR NULL CMND RZ CPI 'n' JRZ ..T PUSH B MOV C,A CALL CO MOV A,C POP B CPI 'A'-1 ;CONVERT TO UPPER CASE RC CPI 'z'+1 RNC ..T: ANI 05FH RET ; ; THIS ROUTINE ALLOWS EXAMINATION OF ; ANY INPUT PORT, OR THE SENDING OF ; ANY VALUE TO ANY OUTPUT PORT. ; ; QO,[CR] ; OUTPUT TO PORT , THE VALUE ; ; QI[CR] ; DISPLAY THE PORT ; QUERY: CALL TI CPI 'O' JRZ QU0 CPI 'I' JNZ ERROR CALL EXPR1 POP B INP E BITS: MVI B,8 ;DISPLAY 8 BITS CALL BLK ..Q2: SLAR E MVI A,'0' >1 ADC A ;MAKE "0" OR "1" MOV C,A CALL CO DJNZ ..Q2 RET QU0: CALL EXPR POP D POP B OUTP E RET ; ; THIS ROUTINE VERIFIES THE CONTENTS ; OF ONE MEMORY BLOCK WITH ANOTHER. ; ; V,, ; VERIFY FROM <1> THRU <2> WITH ; THE CONTENTS OF MEMORY BEGINNING AT <3> ; VERIFY: CALL EXPR3 ;GET 3 PARAMETERS VERI0: LDAX B CMP M JRZ ..B PUSH B CALL CERR ;DISPLAY ERRORS POP B ..B: INX B CALL HILOX JMPR VERI0 ; ; ; ; THE FIRST CHARACTER IS THE DEVICE NAME ; (ONE LETTER) AND THE NEXT FOUR ARE THE ; NAMES OF THE FOUR POSSIBLE DRIVERS TO BE ; ASSIGNED. ; LTBL: .BYTE 'C' ;CONSOLE ASSIGNMENTS .BYTE 'T' ;CTTY T=TELEPRINTER .BYTE 'V' ;CCRT V=CRT (VIDEO MONITOR) .BYTE 'B' ;BATCH= COMMANDS FROM READER .BYTE 'U' ;CUSE USER ; .BYTE 'R' ;READER ASSIGNMENTS .BYTE 'T' ;RTTY .BYTE 'P' ;RPTR P=PAPER TAPE .BYTE 'C' ;RCAS C=CASSETTE .BYTE 'U' ;RUSER USER ; .BYTE 'P' ;PUNCH ASSIGNMENTS .BYTE 'T' ;PTTY .BYTE 'P' ;PPTP .BYTE 'C' ;PCAS C=CASSETTE .BYTE 'U' ;PUSER USER ; .BYTE 'L' ;LIST ASSIGNMENTS .BYTE 'T' ;LTTY LIST=TELEPRINTER .BYTE 'V' ;LCRT LIST=CRT .BYTE 'L' ;LINE PRINTER .BYTE 'U' ;LUSER USER ; ; ; THIS IS A SHORT PROGRAM, EXECUTED ; UPON EXECUTING A "GO" COMMAND. IT ; IS PLACED IN THE WORK AREA WHEN ; THE MONITOR IS INITIALIZED, AS IT ; REQUIRES RAM FOR PROPER OPERATION. ; EXIT: ;EXIT ROUTINE (LOADS ALL REGISTERS) POP B MOV A,C STAR MOV A,B STAI POP Y POP X POP PSW POP B POP D POP H EXAF EXX POP D POP B POP PSW POP H SPHL NOP ;RESERVED FOR ENABLE INTERUPTS LXI H,0 JMP 0 ; .WORD 0 ;STORAGE AREA FOR TRAP DATA .BYTE 0 .WORD 0 .BYTE 0 ; ; DISPLACEMENTS OF REGISTER ; STORAGE FROM NORMAL STACK ; LOCATION. ; ENDX: ; ALOC = 15H BLOC = 13H CLOC = 12H DLOC = 11H ELOC = 10H FLOC = 14H HLOC = 31H LLOC = 30H PLOC = 34H SLOC = 17H TLOC = 35H TLOCX = 25H LLOCX = 20H ; APLOC = 09H BPLOC = 0BH CPLOC = 0AH DPLOC = 0DH EPLOC = 0CH FPLOC = 08H HPLOC = 0FH LPLOC = 0EH XLOC = 07 YLOC = 05 RLOC = 02 ILOC = 03 ; ; ; ; THIS IS THE TABLE USED TO DETERMINE ; A VALID REGISTER IDENTIFIER, AND IT'S ; DISPLACEMENT FROM THE STACK POINTER. ; ; POSITION ONE= REGISTER NAME, WITH BIT 7 INDICATING ; END OF TABLE. ; ; POSITION TWO= BIAS FROM CURRENT STACK LEVEL OR'ED ; WITH A TWO-BIT FLAG. 00XXXXXX=BYTE ; 10XXXXXX=WORD ; 11XXXXXX=SPECIAL FOR "M" REG. ; ACTBL: ;NORMAL SET OF REGISTERS (8080) ; ;PLUS THE INTERUPT REGISTER ("I") ; .BYTE 'A', ALOC !0 .BYTE 'B', BLOC !0 .BYTE 'C', CLOC !0 .BYTE 'D', DLOC !0 .BYTE 'E', ELOC !0 .BYTE 'F', FLOC !0 .BYTE 'H', HLOC !0 .BYTE 'L', LLOC !0 .BYTE 'M', HLOC !0C0H .BYTE 'P', PLOC !080H .BYTE 'S', SLOC !080H .BYTE 'I', ILOC !0 ; .RAD40 .C1976 ;COPYRIGHT 1976 ; ; PRMTB: ;ADDITIONAL SET OF REGISTERS (Z-80) ; .BYTE 'A', APLOC !0 .BYTE 'B', BPLOC !0 .BYTE 'C', CPLOC !0 .BYTE 'D', DPLOC !0 .BYTE 'E', EPLOC !0 .BYTE 'F', FPLOC !0 .BYTE 'H', HPLOC !0 .BYTE 'L', LPLOC !0 .BYTE 'M', HPLOC !0C0H .BYTE 'X', XLOC !080H .BYTE 'Y', YLOC !080H .BYTE 'R', RLOC !0 .BYTE 0C1H ; Z: ;END OF PROGRAM ; ; ; .END BASE ; ;